Jpn. J. Infect. Dis., 65 (4), 345-349, 2012
To see a printable version of the article in the Adobe file format, click this [PDF] link.
Tadashi Nakasone1*, Tsutomu Murakami1, and Naoki Yamamoto1,2
1AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; and 2Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
(Received March 27, 2012. Accepted June 4, 2012)
*Corresponding author: Mailing address: AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. Tel: +81-3-5285-1111 ext. 2737, Fax: +81-3-5285-1150, E-mail: このメールアドレスはスパムボットから保護されています。閲覧するにはJavaScriptを有効にする必要があります。
SUMMARY: In the absence of any effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), current anti-retroviral drugs may be suitable for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Previous large clinical trials showed that PrEP reduced HIV infection in high-risk populations. Emtricitabine/tenofovir (FTC/TDF) may be a suitable agent for PrEP. FTC/TDF PrEP efficacy was evaluated using a highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) in a non-human primate model of AIDS, the SHIV-KS661c/cynomolgus monkey model. Double oral administration of FTC/TDF (20/30 mg/kg), at 24 h and a few minutes prior to exposure, completely protected 2/3 monkeys from infection. Interestingly, a single oral administration 2 weeks before viral exposure moderately rescued CD4 cells, although the data did not reach statistical significance. These results are consistent with previous primate studies and with recent clinical data.